AUTHOR: Yashmita Student of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi
To The Point
AI has become one of the most groundbreaking advancements in modern science and technology. AI in the medical field is transforming how healthcare is delivery, from diagnosis and treatment to administration and research. Ai is known for the Artificail Intelligent. Which is revolutionizing healthcare by enhancing accuracy, speed, and efficiency across the various domain. AI is widely used in medical imaging to detect condition such as tumors and fractures, and in diagnostic to assist clinician with faster. AI helps in Administration task like billing and documentation are automated to reduce the workload. while is something have the advantages so it’s also had the disadvantages. Just like that AI have the advantages with disadvantages such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, regulatory hurdles and the need smooth integrations into clinical workflows.
Use of Legal Jargon
Res Ipsa Loquitor: it is a Latin word which means “thing speak for itself”: used in negligence cases when harm clearly implies fault.
Regulatory approval: formal permission from a legal authority to market or use a product like AI medical tool.
Medical malpractice: A legal cause of action when a healthcare provider deviates from standards, potentially involving AI error.
Data privacy: legal rights concerning personal data. AI tools handling health data must comply with privacy laws.
Medical device regulations: set of legal rules governing tools used for diagnosis or treatment. AI tools are classified under this in most countries.
The Proof
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer a futuristic concept in medicine, it is actively being deployed, validated, showing tangible benefits across numerous domains here’s look at AI’s proven impact in medical field.
AI Outperforms Radiologist in Breast Cancer Detection: AI models are being developed and google health was able to surpass human radiologist in detecting breast cancer from mammograms and validated to improve the accuracy of mammography screening, reducing false positives and false negatives.
IBM Watson Matches Oncologist in Cancer Treatment Plans: developed in collaboration with memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, has been used in Hospital like Manipal hospital in India. This demonstrates that AI can assist physician in devising evidence- based, personalized treatment plans while reducing decision- making time in complex cases like cancer.
Aidoc’s AI Improves Emergency Radiology: Aidoc’s, a tool used in emergency radiology, has received multiple FDA clearance. It can detect brain hemorrhages, strokes, fractures, and pulmonary embolism from CT scan in under five minutes. This tool reduce reporting time, improves patient survival rates, and prevent treatment delays in critical conditions.
AI Predicted the Covid -19 Outbreak before WHO Alert: In late 19, a Canadian Ai platform called Blue Dot analyses global airline tickets data, news reports. And health bulletins using natural language processing and predicted the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China- nine days before the World Health Organization (WHO) Official announced it.
AI in Clinical Trials and Drugs Development: AI platforms like tempus and trail.ai are revolutionizing how patient is matched to clinical trial. by scanning genetic profiles, medical histories, and trial protocols, AI shortlists eligible patients and accelerated recruitments.
Wearable AI Devices for Real-Time Health Monitoring: Modern wearable devices such as the Apple Watches Series 6 and Fitbit Sense are equipped with AI powered sensors that detect atrial fibrillation (AFib), monitor oxygen levels, and performs ECGs (Electrocardiograms). The FDA- cleared features in these devices serve as proof that AI has entered mainstream preventive healthcare.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a powerful new technology that is bringing bid changes and offering smart solutions.Across various domain of healthcare. Leveraging machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing and computer vision, Ai algorithm demonstrate remarkable accuracy is interpreting medical imaging such X- ray, MRI, CT- Scan often medical rivaling or Exceed Human performance. AI is also instrumental in predictive analytical, identifying at risk patient and enabling early intervention for the disease like, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Application like AI based tool which help robotic surgeries, radiology system, virtual health assistant significantly reduces human error and increase efficiency. Despite the ethical concern and challenge the data privacy, transparency, and regulatory approval with the continuous advancement and responsible integration, AI is posed the efficiency, accuracy and accessibility for the healthcare services globally. AI implementation in healthcare, analyzing statutory requirement, regulatory compliance obligations, liabilities doctrines and emerging case law.
Case Laws
JUSTICE K.S. PUTTASWAMY (RETD.) V. UNION OF INDIA (2017)
This judgement on the right to privacy has profound and direct relevance to the development and deployment of Artificial Intelligent (AI), particularly in India. It is a document that keeps changing and helps shape the way digital rights work in India. Its serves as an important constitutional guardrail, ensuring that technological innovation does not come at the cost of fundamental human rights.
SHYAM SUNDER V. STATE OF RAJASTHAN (1974)
Legal Principle: Res Ipsa Loquitor (the thing speaks for itself)
This case is significant in potential AI medical malpractice or product liability scenarios. If a patient harmed due to an AI error and no. clear explanation exists, the principle of Res Ipsa Loquitur may apply meaning negligence may be presumed unless proven otherwise.
T.M.A. PAI FOUNDATION V. STATE OF KARNATAKA (2002)
In this judgement preceding the widespread integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into education, lays down fundamental constitutional principles that directly impact and shape the legal and operational framework for AI in the Indian educational sector. It mandates that while institutions have the freedom to innovates with AI.
ANDALURI SREEVANI V. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH
In this case petitioner seeking for the compensations for the wrongful death of her husband due to the medical negligence. This case highlights if an AI based diagnostic or treatment tool fails to diagnose or alerts too late (due to poor training data, faulty programming, or lack of human oversights), similar claims of medical negligence could rise. The principle of duty of care applies equally to AI-driven decision, especially in public health system
Conclusions
Ai is a fundamentally transforming healthcare by improving diagnostic accuracy, personalizing treatment, accelerating drug discovery, and enhancing operational efficiency. While challenges remain in term of data quality, regulatory approval, ethical considerations, the potential benefits of AI in medicine are enormous. The future of healthcare will likely involve a collaborative approach between human expertise and AI technology, ensuring that patient care remains at the forefront. Ai has the potential to make healthcare more proactive, predictive, and patient-centric. The goal is not replacing human intelligence but to complement it and creating a future of smarter, safer, and more responsive healthcare. As we move further into the 21st century, the collaborative synergy between human intelligence and artificial Intelligence will be undoubtedly define the future of health, leading to healthier lives for the billions worldwide
