• AUTHOR:
This article is written by Kamaldeep kaur, student at institute of law, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra.
• INTRODUCTION:
In current years the world of technology is initiated upwards at a really fast pace, there are many elements involved which are providing towards the growth of technology at such a rate, and one such factor is the Internet. The Internet forms the core of every technological promotion made throughout the world. The recent technological promotions in the world of the Internet is the introduction of the 5G network, which has given very encouraging results in the countries where it has been introduced. On the contrary, India is still insufficient behind in the introduction of 5G technology which is delayed due to various reasons generated by its own department’s lackadaisical approach.
A global 5G network makes everything a touch apart. The instant communication process, automotive, energy, etc. It brings a large change in our country. About one billion users are expected to be using 5G technology around the year 2023 with a high speed of 500 Mbps to 1 Gbps.
• THE 5G TECHNOLOGY:
5G technology means fifth-generation wireless technology. Like 3G brought mails to our mobile phones, and 4G brought ride-sharing apps and, 5G might one day provide us driverless cars or the technology for regulating drones. Not all 5G are generated equally as it has three types of bands i.e. high, mid and low, which differ in their travelling and data communicating adequacies. “T-Mobile”, a telecom sector German company, is the first company to have a federal 5G coverage.
Opposite its precursor 4G, the 5G technology is purposed to grant high-speed data, qualified enough to download high definition content in seconds, has ultra-low dormancy, solidity, massive network reach, higher capacity and an increased uniform user experience. It is enhanced by various tech-based companies which are regularly working on increasing its accessibility to everyone across the world. It was first presented in western countries, which are proceeding at a really fast pace in terms of subscriptions. In the United States, when the comparison was done among high-speed 4G connectivity and 5G, 5G was two hundred and fifty times faster than high-speed 4G connectivity.
Despite offering so many advantages as well as its introduction in western countries as well as South Korea, China and other parts of Asia, India’s experts require that it is not ready for the same, for a number of reasons which will be talked over later in this article.
• THE BENEFITS OF 5G IN INDIA:
Considering the current epidemic condition and federal lockdown in which people are forced to stay inside their homes, online mediums are used to teach students by the schools and the colleges, and most of the association through the globe are developing work from home culture. Even the Judicial Proceedings and Trials are being directed through online mediums while all these activities are creating a heavy amount of load on the current internet frequency range. In order to undertake this situation, various countries, particularly India, need the introduction of 5G frequency range.
*Some benefits of 5G network in India:
– The introduction of 5G will solve some basic problems in India bothering heavy load on the latest frequency range which will lead to more user reach and the much-needed delivery of high-speed data to the masses.
– It will help in the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), which helps in connecting across smartphones and making them as a whole.
– Reports state that the introduction of 5G technology in India will extend the use of wireless technologies over various sectors like education, commercial ,infrastructure, agricultural, healthcare, financial and social sectors. Also, it is expected to create a additive economic impact of $1 Trillion in India by 2035.
5G will help revoltnise Industries by increasing the use of wireless technologies, it will also help in the growth of the ‘Make in India’ campaign and the transport industry by developing the technology of driverless cars.
– It will promote the Fourth Industrial revolt by improving Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, Edge Computing etc. This, in turn, will enlarge the revenue of the telecom sector in India.
5G will also help in advancing the smart cities in India by developing technologies which will nourish for a longer period of time, it is an important tool which India needs to have for growth and development.
It will give critical support to flight operators in competently managing their services and networks.
– It will help in promoting the connectivity among government and citizens. The digitalisation helps in providing goods and services to people with lower transaction cost, even the various e-services provided by the government will be available to all throughout yy a the country.
– The public safety and disaster relief services used by the government will be promoted to work and respond quickly and efficiently. Public safety with the help of cameras and sensors will also be enhanced.
In the current epidemic demic, the situation is that most of the factor activities are being directed through online modes, the introduction of 5G will make those activities more efficient and will also help in boosting up the economy.
• RISKS:
One of the largest risks posed by the introduction of 5G technology is ‘Security’. 5G will be related to the Internet of Things (IoT) which in turn will be inducted in houses, health care systems, agricultural units, drones etc. even if a single of them is infected with malware, it will obstruct the whole system. Health is also one of the risks commected with the introduction of the 5G network. The high-frequency waves which would be produced by antennas and towers through the country will pose health and environmental problems, while the studies are still going on it is likely to have that effect.
• CONCERN:
The introduction of 5G technology in India will need India to upgrade its technology to the next level. This will need heavy expanse for building infrastructure suitable for the efficient working of the network. Due to the current regulatory framework of the telecom sector, telecom companies owe a debt of about Rs. 4 lakh crore and are still suffering to fully monetise the 4G network. Also, recently, various review petitions were filed by the telecom companies in relation to their debt, that were further dismissed by the Supreme Court. This increased the financial burden on these telecom companies. Now with the introduction of the 5G network, they will have to again invest heavily in installation of tower, antennas and fibre cables. The regulatory permissions required for installation of infrastructure is also a big hurdle for telecom companies.
The inadequacy of the spectrum created by the demand for the same in the field of defence, railways and space in India is also a major concern for the telecom operators as the requisite amount of spectrum will not be made available to them.One of the major concerns related to the introduction of 5G in India is the partnership with China for bringing the software into the country. The company which is offering to bring 5G technology in India is ‘Huawei’ which is a Chinese based telecom company. Concerns have been raised by big countries like the United States over allowing the Chinese based company ‘Huawei’ to allow them to establish a 5G network in their country. The concerns are in relation to the security issues posed by allowing Huawei to establish 5G network as 5G network is not just for our smartphones it is much more than that, also the Intelligence and Espionage laws established by China allows the various organs to investigate and demand any type of data possessed by any of its organisations and individual, which they cannot refuse to share. These types of laws pose a big risk to the security of our nation.
Even if 5G is introduced in India, the present telecom companies will have to upgrade their infrastructure, which will require heavy investment by already debt-ridden companies. In order to recover their costs, the telecom companies have to hike up their rates which in turn will affect the consumers at large, also the lack of government support to the telecom companies cannot be ignored.
• CONTROVERSY:
Despite raising the concerns by the United States and several other countries like Japan, Australia, New Zealand and Taiwan banning it from conducting 5G trials, the government allowed Huawei to take part in the 5G trials, major security concerns were raised by different sectors of the Indian government over this issue. It is most likely that if the auction is conducted the Chinese bidder will emerge as the winner due to its lowest price among other competitors. It’s not just the Chinese company which will have access to all the data which will be required to establish the 5G network, it’s the country which will have equal participation. Allowing the Chinese based company might also affect the foreign investments in India as it will be a move which will put India directly between the US-China conflicts going over 5G.
Even though in early January The United Kingdom allowed a limited involvement of Huawei in their 5G network development, in the wake of the current pandemic they are planning to bring the involvement of Huawei to zero.
• CONCLUSION:
In the current pandemic situation when most of the activities are being conducted through online modes and the increase in the amount of data usage, India should focus on developing and bringing the 5G network as soon as possible. The pandemic has given a big blow to the Indian economy, developing 5G technology will boost up the economy and will also increase employment opportunities for all. Also, the introduction of 5G will open the gates for telecom sector companies to earn profits and pay off their long debts.
Even if there are a lot of concerns and controversies created by the involvement of Huawei in India’s 5G network development, India could take the initiative itself and develop the necessary infrastructure minimising the involvement of foreign companies. The fifth-generation network is not only limited to streaming or downloading videos in our handsets, it’s much more than that even though there are a lot of cons associated with it but the pros will eventually overcome them. The introduction of 5G in India can be a great step and it could be a great tool in fighting the Novel Coronavirus.
• REFERENCES:
3.https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/
• FAQ:
1. What is 5G?
5G is the fifth generation of cellular networks. It is the latest in a line of mobile technologies that started with the introduction of 1G in the 1980s. In theory, 5G technology aims to connect devices, machines and people who use them through high-speed and low-latency data connections. Business trends of 5G technology predict a boom of the internet of things (IoT) in a big way by creating an ecosystem of connected devices and machines.
2. Why is it better?
While 4G networks provide a maximum speed of 100–200 Mbps, speed of 5G peaks around 10 Gbps – a hundred-fold increase in speed. 5G accomplishes this task by utilising a wide array of the spectrum from lower bands (frequency <1 GHz) to higher bands called millimetre wave (mmWave; frequency >24 GHz). The capacity of these mmWave frequencies is many times higher than that of existing technology, hence improving the efficiency of 5G.
5G tech has also seen communication of very minimal latency (<1 millisecond). This would mean that there would be no significant delay times associated with the network, making it much more reliable and enabling seamless real-time access to technology.
3. What are the effects of 5G?
5G is ushering in development and revenue in industries across the world. A recent analysis shows that by 2035, 5G technology will transform industries worldwide, with the market value of 5G generating output worth USD 13.2 trillion globally and creating job opportunities for more than 22 million people.5
5G is also impacting areas like IoT, virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI) due to its improved connectivity, speeds, reliability and low latency. It is opening new avenues and experiences such as instant access to cloud services, real-time collaboration, medical consultation and low-latency cloud gaming, as some of the use cases of 5G.
