CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN THE FIELD OF LAW (INDIA)

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN THE FIELD OF LAW (INDIA)

INTRODUCTION:

In the dynamic and evolving landscape of the Indian Legal System, the field of law offers a plethora of career opportunities for individuals with a passion for justice, a strong analytical mindset, and effective communication skills. The legal profession in India has witnessed substantial growth and diversification, providing avenues beyond traditional courtroom practice. Unlike the bygone days, the appeal of legal education now extends far beyond the boundaries of courtroom and case law. Students are increasingly drawn to the multifaceted opportunities the legal field presents. In essence, the graph of legal education is on a steep upward trajectory, promising a future brimming with opportunities for those ready to embark on the enriching journey of legal learning. This diversity has attracted students from various academic backgrounds, fostering a dynamic learning environment.

LEGAL EDUCATION IN INDIA:

Before going into detail about the legal education in the field of law in India let us know about the historical evolution and how it has been lived through that.

HISTORICAL CONTEXT:

In the history of past days, legal education was more conventional, focusing primarily on core or fundamental subjects related to substantive law and procedural aspects. But in the present legal education become very massive and many groups have also added and still it is progressing a lot. To understand the current state of legal education in India, it is crucial to examine its historical evolution and appreciate the present state of legal education in India, it’s essential to glance back at its historical context. However, as societal needs evolved and legal complexities increased, there arose a demand for a more nuanced and specialized approach. 

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar played a crucial role in creating awareness in the field of law, particularly about the rights and social justice for marginalized communities in India. Being a highly educated scholar, encouraged education including legal education. He believed that education was a powerful tool for empowerment and social upliftment.

DIVERSIFICATION OF LEGAL COURSES:

In the latest state of affairs of legal education, there has been a notable diversification of courses catering to the diverse interests and needs of students. The traditional notion of pursuing a straightforward LLB (Bachelor of Laws) has evolved into a dynamic array of specialized programs, providing students with a plethora of options to choose from. Here, we explore the diversification of legal courses at present. Among all the other types of courses, LLB stands out as a highly esteemed and rewarding graduation option. Let’s explore the types of programs involved in the law.

COURSES AND COURSE LEVEL AND THEIR ELIGIBILITY:

COURSES

COURSE LEVEL

ELIGIBILITY

LLB (Bachelor of Laws)

Graduation

After any of the graduation, pg. and there is no age limit.

BA LLB

Integrated law (Graduation)

Class after intermediate along with entrance examination and Diploma class 10/12.

BSC LLB

Integrated law (Graduation)

Class after intermediate along with entrance examination and Diploma class 10/12.

BLS LLB

Integrated law (Graduation)

Class after intermediate along with entrance examination and Diploma class 10/12.

BBA LLB 

Integrated law (Graduation)

Class after intermediate along with entrance examination and Diploma class 10/12.

BCom LLB

Integrated law (Graduation)

Class after intermediate along with entrance examination and Diploma class 10/12.

LLM (Master of Laws)

Postgraduation

After Graduation in 3-year or 5-year law.

PhD

Doctorate

After completion of LLM 

These are certain law courses till now still it was developing in certain areas too and there will be a chance of Btech LLB also introduced in future. In addition to degree programs, various diploma and certificate courses cater to specific legal niches, allowing individuals to enhance their expertise in targeted areas. With the advent of online education, numerous platforms provide online legal courses for the short-term, webinars will be provided and certifications offered. But I would suggest the students go for regular courses which I mentioned above in table of the contents.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES AFTER LAW:

There are plenty of opportunities after the completion of law one can go for not only in a specific field, they can able to choose their livelihood but they are opportunities whether in the private, public and also in corporate sectors. Unlike some other groups, the field of law is ever-evolving, with the demand for legal advisors touching every aspect of life. Consequently, legal expertise not only becomes a service but also a substantial source of employment for law graduates.

1. LITIGATION:

As widely known, litigation stands out as a profession where individuals practice in courts based on their interests. To embark on a career in litigation, one must obtain a license from the Bar Council.  After completion of the graduation, aspiring lawyers need to clear the Bar Council exam to secure membership and become eligible to litigate as an advocate in the courts of their chosen state. over the past decade, litigation has gained significant prominence, attracting numerous individuals. While it is a well-established profession, the field of law encompasses various other lucrative and evolving career paths. Litigation, being an individual practice, requires practitioners to be self-reliant. After gaining proficiency in the work, individuals establish themselves in this field. When compared to other legal jobs, litigation is often considered the best. However, it requires time to build a substantial income. Once practitioners establish themselves in the field, they earn a commendable reputation, becoming recognized advocates and attracting clients. 

But in my perspective, pursuing litigation right after graduation is beneficial for comprehending court work and procedures and gaining hands-on experience. As one familiarizes themselves with the intricacies of the legal system, they can explore other avenues in the legal profession. Additionally, after retirement, litigation can prove valuable, especially when corporate roles may become challenging due to various factors. At such a stage, the skills and experience acquired through litigation can become an asset.

2. LAW FIRM:

A law firm typically constitutes a collective of lawyers specializing in specific areas of law or covering a broad spectrum of legal disciplines. Clients approach these firms with cases, and the matters are assigned to relevant attorneys who are recognized advocates registered with the Bar Council. Law firms often extend internship opportunities to law students, providing them with hands-on experience. Post internships, students may secure placements within the same firm through Pre-Placement Offers (PPOs), especially if they exhibit proficiency in their work.

This arrangement is mutually beneficial, creating a win-win situation for both parties involved. The advocate secures employment, while the law firm gains a skilled employee well-suited for the organization. The nature of work within legal firms encompasses tasks such as paperwork, drafting legal documents, conducting legal research, and representing clients in court. In my perspective, legal firms offer excellent opportunities for young graduates. The potential to earn high salaries exists, particularly for those well-versed in court litigation and various legal branches. Accumulating savings while working in a legal firm can provide financial stability, allowing individuals to explore other avenues when they are ready.

3. CORPORATE SECTORS:

         The advice of a legal practitioner is frequently valued, whether it is for the design of a contract or advice on the legal implications of any activity.To pursue a career in a company’s legal department, individuals need to search for vacancies and apply accordingly. This is usually accomplished by visiting the official website of the company and emailing the application documents to the HR Manager.

In conclusion, every company or business entity carries on their day-to-day practices involving legal intricacies, and the guidance of legal professionals is crucial. A career in a corporate legal department involves diverse tasks, including drafting contracts and providing advice on various legal matters, making it a sought-after field for legal professionals.

4. JUDICIAL SERVICES: 

One promising career option for fresh law graduates is entering the judiciary, which involves taking the Judicial Services Examination of the respective state and, upon selection, serving as a Civil Judge or Judicial Magistrate.

Choosing a career in the judiciary not only offers a sense of public service but also allows individuals to actively contribute to the legal system. By taking up the role of a Civil Judge or Judicial Magistrate, professionals in the judiciary play a crucial part in upholding justice and ensuring the fair application of laws. This career path is known for its challenges and responsibilities, making it a rewarding choice for those who aspire to make a meaningful impact in the legal field.

5. JOURNALISM:

Journalism is an alternative career path for law graduates, leveraging their developed skills in writing, narration, and research acquired during legal education. These abilities are crucial in journalism, making law graduates well-suited for roles involving reporting on legal issues.

While a journalism degree is traditionally beneficial for those entering the field, law graduates can seamlessly transition to a career in media. Upon closer examination, it becomes evident that a lawyer possesses all the distinctive qualities required for a skilled journalist. Journalists need to be active, adept at finding errors, articulate, inquisitive, and skilled at argumentation—qualities that align closely with those of a lawyer. Organizations like the Press Trust of India (PTI) actively seek law graduates for their roles.

Lawyers can specialize in political and crime journalism, leveraging their profound understanding of Indian Constitutional laws and the Indian Penal Code. In journalism, an LLB degree is highly valued, as it provides a unique perspective on digging up Right to Information (RTI) and insights into industry norms. As a legal correspondent for the press, a law graduate can consistently maintain an advantageous position.

6. RBI LEGAL OFFICER:

             After completing a graduation degree in LLB, individuals can gain experience by enrolling with the Bar Council and working as advocates. This experience qualifies them to apply for the position of RBI Legal Officer. The age limit for this role is 21 to 32, with relaxations provided for candidates with LL.M., PhD, and other relevant qualifications.

 It’s essential to review and verify specific requirements before applying.

7. IBPS CLERK LEGAL OFFICER:

            Candidates applying for positions like IBPS Clerk Legal Officer and IBPS PO Officer must meet certain eligibility criteria. The age range for candidates is between 20 and 30 years, and there are age relaxations for those belonging to reserved categories such as SC, ST, OBC, etc. Additionally, candidates must hold a Bachelor’s Degree in law from a recognized university.

Prospective applicants should carefully check and confirm specific eligibility requirements before initiating the application process.

8. SBI LEGAL ADVISOR:

            To be eligible for the SBI Specialist Officer (SO) position, candidates are required to meet specific educational qualifications. They must hold a Degree in Law (3 years/5 years) from a recognized University in India. Additionally, candidates must possess a minimum of 4 years of combined experience, which includes both practising as an advocate and serving as a Law Officer in the Legal Department of Scheduled Commercial Banks.

Applicants need to ensure that they fulfil these educational and experience criteria to be considered for the SBI SO position.

9. SEBI LEGAL OFFICER:

            Choosing a career as a SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) Legal Officer is an excellent opportunity for law graduates. This role involves diverse responsibilities associated with the SEBI Grade A Legal Officer position:

By-Law Approval and Amendment:

Participating in the approval and amendment processes of stock exchanges’ by-laws.

Account Inspection:

Conducting inspections of accounts belonging to stock exchanges and various entities within the securities market.

Malpractice Identification and Investigation:

Identifying and investigating malpractices within the securities market to ensure compliance and integrity.

Investor Knowledge Enhancement:

Implementing measures to enhance investors’ understanding of the securities market.

This position offers a unique blend of regulatory responsibilities with SEBI and the opportunity to engage in litigation practice. Aspiring candidates, especially those with an LLB degree, can pursue this career after fulfilling the eligibility criteria. The SEBI Legal Officer role allows professionals to contribute significantly to the regulatory framework of the securities market while also practising law in the courtroom. It presents a promising career path for law graduates seeking a dynamic and impactful role.

10. ASSISTANT PUBLIC PROSECUTOR:

Student must appear for and successfully clears the All India Bar Examination (AIBE) conducted by the Bar Council of India. After law graduation they must have 3 years of experience in litigation then they may sit for an APP  conducted by various states.

11. PUBLIC PROSECUTOR:

        An advocate who has experience in the field of litigation and also they should have age of 35 to 45 years of age. Then they are eligible to sit as a PP.

12. ADVOCATE ON RECORD:

        To become an advocate-on-record in the Supreme Court, the candidate must follow these steps:

• One should have four years of experience(4) as an advocate.
• After four years of practice, inform the Supreme Court that you have commenced training with a senior advocate on the record.
• Clearly express the intention to become an Advocate-on-Record through this training.
• By completing these steps, the candidate sets the groundwork for transitioning from a practising advocate to an Advocate-on-Record in the Supreme Court.

13. ACADEMICS, RESEARCH AND TEACHING:

• Pursue an LL.M. or Ph.D. in your field of interest to enter legal academia.
• Work as an Assistant Professor of Law at a law school.
• Strong academic record, and interest in teaching and research.
• For LL.M. in India, take CLAT for Post Graduates.
• For LL.M. abroad, take English proficiency tests like TOEFL or IELTS.
• Ph.D. is beneficial for those interested in teaching and research.
• PhD allows the publishing of research papers across various platforms.
• Pass NET conducted by UGC and CSIR for an associate professor role.
• Ph.D. holders in law can become professors at National Law Universities.
• Teaching in law schools is reputable and well-paid.
• Ph.D. holders have opportunities for research projects.
• Visiting professor roles at private universities are gaining popularity.

14. CIVIL SERVICES:

           UPSC (Union Public Services Commission) and SPSC (State Public Services          Commission) conduct Civil Services Examinations annually.

• The syllabus includes significant law-related content.
• Law graduates have an advantage due to their legal education.

15. JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL (JAG) OFFICER:

• JAG is a Major serving as the legal and judicial chief in the Indian Army.
• Supports court-presiding martial officers in understanding and applying military legislation.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, the legal field offers a myriad of opportunities that continue to evolve and develop, resembling a booming industry. Specialized areas such as Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and cybersecurity are gaining prominence. Additionally, freelancing, content writing, drafting, and notary services present viable career paths. Law stands out as a versatile and rewarding professional choice, catering to diverse age groups. Whether pursuing private, corporate, or government roles, a career in law ensures safety, stability, and a commendable reputation. Therefore, individuals are encouraged to align their career choices with their interests for a fulfilling professional journey.

Author(s) name: BOKKI HARIKA

Sri Padmavati Mahila Vishwavidyalayam